Q1. One of the following is true for an inline function.
It executes faster as it is treated as a macro internally
It executes faster because it priority is more than normal function
It doesn’t executes faster compared to a normal function
None of the above holds true for an inline function
Q2. A user defined header file is included by following statement in general.
#include “file.h”
#include <file.h>
#include <file>
#include file.h
Q3. In the following program f() is overloaded.
void f(int x) {
}
int f(signed x) {
return 1;
}
main() {
}
True
False
Q4. How many numbers of arguments can a destructor of a class receives?
0
1
2
None of the above.
Q5. What is the output of the following program?
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
main() {
int const a = 5;
a++;
cout<<a;
}
5
6
Runtime error
Compile error
Q6. HAS-A relationship between the classes is shown through.
Inheritance
Container classes
Polymorphism
None of the above.
Q7. What is the output of the following program?
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void f() {
count<<"Hello"<<endl;
}
main() {
}
No output
Error, as the function is not called.
Error, as the function is defined without its declaration
Error, as the main() function is left empty
Q 8 - What is the output of the following program?
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
main() {
int r, x = 2;
float y = 5;
r = y%x;
cout<<r;
}
1
0
2
Compile error
Q9. Identify the C++ compiler of Linux
cpp
g++
Borland
vc++
Q10. What is the output of the following program?
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
main() {
class student {
int rno = 10;
} v;
cout<<v.rno;
}
10
Garbage
Runtime error
Compile error
Q11. What is the output of this code?
printf("1/2 = %f",(float)(1/2));
1/2 = 0.499999
1/2 = 0
1/2 = 0.000000
1/2 = 0.5
Q12. What is the difference between a public and a private class member?
Public members are the same as global variables, so every part of the code has access to them. Private members are the same as automatic variables, so only their class has access to them.
Public members can be accessed by any function. Private members can be accessed only by the same class's member functions and the friends of the class.
Public members are made accessible to any running application. Private members are made accessible only to the application where the object is instantiated.
Public members will be compiled as shared variables in a multithreaded environment. Private members will be compiled as Thread-local variables.
Q13. What is the value of x after running this code?
int x=10, a=-3;
x=+a;
-3
7
3
13
Q14. Which statement is true?
Only classes can have member variables and methods.
C++ supports multiple inheritance.
C++ supports only single inheritance.
Only structs can inherit.
Q15. Consider a pointer to void, named ptr, which has been set to point to a floating point variable g. Which choice is a valid way to dereference ptr to assign its pointed value to a float variable f later in the program?
float g;
void *ptr=&g;
float f=*(float)ptr;
float f=*(float *)ptr;
float f=(float *)ptr;
float f=(float)*ptr;
Q16. Which choice is not a valid type definition of a structure that contains x and y coordinates as integers, and that can be used exactly as shown for the variable named center?
coord center;
center.x = 5;
center.y = 3;
typedef struct coord {
int x;
int y;
};
typedef struct coord {
int x;
int y;
} coord;
typedef struct {
int x;
int y;
} coord;
struct coord {
int x;
int y;
};
typedef struct coord coord;
Q17. Which choice does not produce the same output as this code snippet? Assume the variable i will not be used anywhere else in the code.
for (i=1;i<10;i++){
cout<<i<<endl;
}
i=1;
while(i<10){
cout<<++i<<endl;
}
for (int i:{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}) {
cout<<i<<endl;
}
i = 1;
do {
cout<<i++<<endl;
} while(i<10);
i = 1;
loop:
cout<<i++<<endl;
if(i<10) goto loop;
Q18. What does this part of a main.cpp file do?
#include "library.h"
It causes the toolchain to compile all the contents of library.h so that its executable code is available when needed by the final application.
It causes the replacement of the #include directive by the entire contents of the source file library.h. This is similar to a Copy-Paste operation of library.h into main.cpp.
It cherry picks library.h for the declarations and definitions of all data and functions used in the remainder of the source file main.cpp, finally replacing the #include directive by those declarations and definitions.
It informs the linker that some functions or data used in the source file main.cpp are contained in library.h, so that they can be called in run time. This is also known as dynamic linking.
Q19. Consider this function declaration of is_even, which takes in an integer and returns true if the argument is an even number and false otherwise. Which declarations are correct for overloaded versions of that function to support floating point numbers and string representations of numbers?
bool is_even(int);
bool is_even(float f);
bool is_even(char *str);
bool is_even(float f);
bool is_even(char str);
bool is_even_float(float f);
bool is_even_str(char *str);
float is_even(float f);
char *is_even(char *str);
Q20. Which choice is an include guard for the header file my_library.h?
#ifdef MY_LIBRARY_H
#define MY_LIBRARY_H
// my_library.h content
#endif /* MY_LIBRARY_H */
#ifndef MY_LIBRARY_H
#define MY_LIBRARY_H
// my_library.h content
#endif /* MY_LIBRARY_H */
#ifdef MY_LIBRARY_H
#undef MY_LIBRARY_H
// my_library.h content
#endif /* MY_LIBRARY_H */
#define MY_LIBRARY_H
#include MY_LIBRARY_H
// my_library.h content
#undef MY_LIBRARY_H
Q21. What is the output of this code?
float values[5]={0.54f, 2.71828f, 3.14159f, 5.499999f, 10.0f};
for(auto f:values)
printf("%i ",(int)(f+0.5f));
0.54 2.71828 3.14159 5.499999 10.0
1 3 4 6 11
0 2 3 5 10
1 3 3 5 10
Q22. Which of the following STL classes is the best fit for implementing a phonebook? Suppose each entry contains a name and a phone number, with no duplicates, and you want to have lookup by name.
std::priority_queue
std::list
std::vector
std::map
Q23. What does this program do?
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
ifstream file1("text1.txt", ios::binary);
ofstream file2("text2.txt", ios::binary);
file2 << file1.rdbuf();
}
It renames text1.txt to text2.txt.
It makes a directory called text2.txt and moves text1.txt there.
It copies the contents of text1.txt into text2.txt - i.e., it makes a copy of text1.txt, named text2.txt.
It appends the contents of text1.txt into text2.txt - i.e., replaces the contents of text2.txt by the concatenation of text2.txt and text1.txt.
Q24. Which of the following is not a consequence of declaring the member variable count of my_class as static?
class my_class {
public: static int count;
}
The variable exists even when no objects of the class have been defined so it can be modified at any point in the source code.
The variable is allocated only once, regardless of how many objects are instantiated because it is bound to the class itself, not its instances.
The variable cannot be modified by any part of the code in the same application or thread. However, other threads may modify it.
All objects that try to access their count member variable actually refer to the only class-bound static count variable.
Q25. What is the assumed type of a constant represented in the source code as 0.44?
double
long float
long double
float
Q26. What is this expression equivalent to?
A->B->C->D
A.B.C.D
*A.*B.*C.*D
&A.&B.&C.&D
*(*((*A).B).C).D
Q27. What does this function do?
auto buff = new char[50];
std::memset(buff,20,50);
It declares a memory buffer named buff that starts at address 20 and ends at address 70.
It sets all bits in the array named buffer from its element at index 20 to its element at index 50.
It writes the value 20 in every memory address from buff to buff+49.
It declares a memory buffer named buff that starts at address 20 and ends at address 50.
Q28. Consider a class named CustomData. Which choice is a correct declaration syntax to overload the postfix ++ operator as a class member?
CustomData& operator++();
CustomData operator++(int);
void operator++(CustomData);
CustomData operator++(CustomData);
Q29. You want to sort my_array, declared below. Which choice is the correct call to std::sort, using a lambda expression as the comparison function?
std::array<uint32_t, 50> my_array;
std::sort(my_array.begin(), my_array.end(),
[](uint32_t a, uint32_t b) {
return a < b;
})
lambda(uint32_t a, uint32_t b){
return a < b;
}
std::sort(my_array.begin(), my_array.end(), lambda);
std::sort(my_array.begin(), my_array.end(),
lambda(uint32_t a, uint32_t b){
return a < b;
})
lambda(uint32_t a, uint32_t b){
return a < b;
}
std::sort(my_array.begin(), my_array.end(), &lambda);
Q30. Which choice is the most reasonable implementation of the function std::mutex::lock() by using std::mutex::try_lock()?
void std::mutex::lock(){
while(!this->try_lock());
}
void std::mutex::lock(){
return (this->try_lock());
}
void std::mutex::lock(){
while(1)
this->try_lock();
}
void std::mutex::lock(){
while(this->try_lock());
Q31. What is the purpose of a destructor?
It deletes an object. One example of a destructor is the delete() function.
It terminates a program. This may be achieved as a regular function call or as an exception.
There are no destructors in C++.
It allows the programmer to write the necessary code to free the resources acquired by the object prior to deleting the object itself.
Q32. Which STL class is the best fit for implementing a phonebook? Suppose each entry contains a name and a phone number, with no duplicates, and you want to have lookup by name.
std::priority_queue
std::map
std::vector
std::list
Q33. What is the main difference between these two Functions?
std::mutex::lock()
std::mutex::try_lock()
lock() has a higher privilege over try_lock(). This means that you have a better chance of acquiring a mutex with lock().
Both attempt to acquire a lock, but lock() blocks if the mutex is not available, whereas try_lock() returns whether the mutex is available or not.
lock() enforces preemption, whereas try_lock() suggests preemption.
If the mutex is not available, try_lock() returns with a corresponding code, whereas lock() snatches the mutex from the thread that currently has it.
Q34. What is one benefit of declaring the parameter as a const reference instead of declaring it as a regular object?
int median(const my_array& a)
The const qualifier Forbids the code to modify the argument, so the programmer can rest assured that the source object will remain unchanged.
Actually, objects cannot be passed as regular variables, because they require a constructor call. Therefore, a const reference is the only way to pass class instances to functions.
There are no benefits because a reference and an object are treated as the same thing.
The argument is passed as a reference, so the Function receives a copy that can be modified without affecting the original variable.
Q35. What is printed from this code?
vector<int> v(22);
bool b = (v[6]);
printf("%d", !b);
1
False
0
This code has an error.
Q36. Which of the following is a reason why using this line is considered a bad practice?
Using namespace std;
If the code uses a function defined in two different libraries with the same prototype but possibly with different implementations, there will be a compilation error due to ambiguity.
The compiled code is always bigger because of all of the imported symbols.
It automatically includes all header files in the standard library (cstdint, cstdlib, cstdio, iostream, etc).
It causes the compiler to enforce the exclusive inclusion of header files belonging to the standard library, generating compilation error when a different header file is included.
Q37. What is the smallest size a variable of the type child_t may occupy in memory?
typedef struct{
unsigned int age : 4;
unsigned char gender : 1;
unsigned int size : 2;
}child_t;
7 bits
25 bytes
1 bit
1 byte
Q38. Which of the following shows the contents of vector v1 and v2 after running this code?
std::vector<int> v1{1,2,3},v2;
v2=v1;
v1.push_back(4);
v2.push_back(5);
v1:{1,2,3,4}; v2:{1,2,3,5};
Error
v1:{1,2,3,4}; v2:{5};
v1:{1,2,3,4,5}; v2:{1,2,3,4,5};
Q39. Which of the following is a true statement about the difference between pointers and iterators?
While pointers are variable that hold memory address, iterators are generic functions used to traverse containers. These function allows the programmer to implement read and write code as the container is traversed.
Incrementing an iterator always means access the next element in the container(if any), no matter the container. Incrementing the pointer means pointing to the next element in memory, not always the next element.
Pointers are variables that hold memory address where as iterator are unsigned integers that refers to offsets in arrays.
All iterator are implemented with pointers so all iterators are pointers but not all pointers are iterators.
Q40 What's a benefit of declaring the parameter as a const reference instead of declaring it as a regular object?
int median(const my_array& a);
The argument is passed as a reference, so the function receives a copy that can be modified without affecting the original value.
Actually objects can't be passed as regular variables because they require a constructor call. Therefore a const reference is the only way to pass class instances to functions.
There are no benefits because a reference and an object are treated as the same thing.
The argument is passed as a reference, so if the passed my_array object is large, the program will require less time and memory.
Q41. What's the storage occupied by u1?
union {
unit16_t a;
unit32_t b;
int8_t c;
} u1;
2 bytes
7 bytes
8 bytes
4 bytes
Q8. Which of the following operators is overloadable?
?:
new
::
.
Q42. Which of the following shows the contents of vector pointed by v1 and v2 after running this code?
std:: vector<int> *v1 = new std::vector<int>({1,2,3});
std:: vector<int> *v2;
v2=v1;
v1->push_back(4);
v2->push_back(5);
*v1:{1,2,3,4}; *v2:{5};
*v1:{1,2,3,4,5}; *v2:{1,2,3,4,5};
Error
*v1:{1,2,3,4}; *v2:{1,2,3,5};
v1 and v2 point to the same vector.
Q43. Which of the following is not a difference between a class and a struct?
Because structs are part of the C programming language, there are some complexity between C and C++ structs. This is not the case with classes.
The default access specifier for members of struct is public, whereas for member of class, it is private.
Classes may have member functions; structs are private.
Template type parameters can be declared with classes, but not with the struct keyword.
Q44. What is the output of this code?
#include <iostream>
int main(){
int x=10, y=20;
std::cout << "x = " << x++ << " and y = " << --y << std::endl;
std::cout << "x = " << x-- << " and y = " << ++y << std::endl;
return(0);
}
x = 10 and y = 20
x = 11 and y = 19
x = 11 and y = 19
x = 10 and y = 20
x = 10 and y = 19
x = 11 and y = 20
x = 11 and y = 20
x = 10 and y = 19
Q45. What is the meaning of the two parts specified between parentheses in a range-based for loop, separated by a colon?
The first is the iterating variable. The second is an std::pair that specifies the range (start and end) in which the variable will iterate.
The first is a container object. The second is an std::pair that specifies the range (start and end) in which the elements will be accessed within the loop.
The first is a variable declaration that will hold an element in a sequence. The second is the sequence to traverse.
The first is an iterator, and the second is the increment value to be added to the iterator.
Q46. What is the output of this piece of code?
int8_t a=200;
uint8_t b=100;
if(a>b)
std::cout<<"greater";
else
std::cout<<"less";
There is no output because there is an exception when comparing an int8_t with a uint8_t.
greater
less
There is no output because there is a compiler error.
Q47. What results from executing this code snippet?
int x=5, y=2;
if(x & y) {
/*_part A_*/
}
else {
/*_part B_*/
}
Part A executes because x==5 (true) and y==2 (true), thus the AND operation evaluates as true.
Part A executes because (x & y) results in a nonzero value, or true.
Part B executes because the statement (x & y) is invalid, thus false.
Part B executes because (x & y) results in 0, or false.
Q48. What is a valid definition for the get_length function, which returns the length of a null-terminated string?
int get_length(char *str)
{
int count=0;
while(str!=NULL){
count++;
str++;
}
return count;
}
int get_length(char *str) {
int count=0;
while((*str)++)
count++;
return count;
}
int get_length(char *str) {
int count=0;
while(str++)
count++;
return count;
}
int get_length(char *str)
{
int count=0;
while(str[count++]);
return count-1;
}
Q49. Which STL class is the best fit for implementing a collection of data that is always ordered so that the pop operation always gets the greatest of the elements? Suppose you are interested only in push and pop operations.
std::list
std::vector
std::priority_queue
std::map
Q50. What is the meaning of the three sections specified between parentheses in a for loop separated by semicolons?
The first is the iterating variable, the second is the container in which it should operate, and the third is an exit condition to abort at any time.
The first is the iterating variable name, the second is the starting value for the iterating variable, and the third is the stop value (the last value plus one).
The first is the iterating variable name, the second is the number of times to iterate, and the third is the desired increment or decrement (specified with a signed integer).
The first is the initialization block, the second is the condition to iterate, and the third is the increment block.
Q51. What is printed from this code?
int i = 0;
printf("%d", i++);
printf("%d", i--);
printf("%d", ++i);
printf("%d", --i);
0,1,1,0
0,1,0,1
0,0,1,0
1,0,1,0
Q52. What is true about the variable named ptr?
void *ptr;
It is a pointer initialized at NULL.
It is a pointer to a value with no specific type, so it may be cast to point to any type.
It is a pointer to a void function.
That declaration causes a compiler error, as pointers must specify a type.
Q53. What is the output of this code?
int c=3; char d='A';
std::printf("c is %d and d is %c",c,d);
c is d and d is c
c is A and d is 3
c is 3 and d is A
c is c and d is d
Q54. Suppose you need to keep a data struct with permission to access some resource based on the days of the week, but you can't use a bool variable for each day. You need to use one bit per day of the week. Which of the following is a correct implementation of a structure with bit fields for this application?
typedef struct {
int sunday:1;
int monday:1;
// more days
int friday:1;
int saturday:1;
} weekdays;
typedef char[7]: weekdays;
typedef struct {
bit sunday:1;
bit monday:1;
// more days
bit friday:1;
bit saturday:1;
} weekdays;
typedef struct {
bit sunday;
bit monday;
// more days
bit friday;
bit saturday;
} weekdays;
Q55. What is an lvalue?
It's a constant expression, meaning an expression composed of constants and operations.
It's an expression that represents an object with an address.
It's an expression suitable for the left-hand side operand in a binary operation.
It's a location value, meaning a memory address suitable for assigning to a pointer or reference.
It's an expression that represents an object with an address.
Q56. What does auto type specifier do in this line of code ?
auto x = 4000.22;
It specifies that the type of x is automatic meaning that if can be assigned different types of data throughout the program.
It specifies that x is a variable with automatic storage duration.
It specifies that the type of x will be deduced from the initializer - in this case, double.
It specifies that more memory will be allocated for x in case it needs more space, avoiding loss of data due to overflow.
Q57. What is a class template?
It's a class written with the generic programming, specifying behavior in terms of type parameter rather than specific type.
It's a blank superclass intended for inheritance and polymorphism.
It's class that only consists of member variable, with no constructor, destructor nor member functions.
It's skelton source code for a class where the programmer has to fill in specific parts to define the data types and algorithms used.
Q58. What is the ternary operator equivalent to this code snippet?
if(x)
y=a;
else
y=b;
y=a?b:x;
y=if(x?a:b);
y=(x&a)?a:(x&b)?b:0;
y=x?a:b;
Q59. What is the .* operator and what does it do?
It is the same as the class member access operator, or arrow operator (->), which allows you to access a member of an object through a pointer to the object.
It is the pointer to member operator, and it allows you to access a member of an object through a pointer to that specific class member.
It is the member access with address of operator, which returns the address of a class or struct member.
It is a combination of the member access operator (.) and the dereference operator (*), so it allows you to access the object that a member pointer points to.
Q60. For these declarations, which choice shows four equivalent ways to assign the character "y" in the string to a char variable c?
char buff[50] = "strings as arrays of characters are fun!"
char *str = buff+11;
char c;
c = buff[15];
c = str[4];
c = *(buff+15);
c = *(str+4);
c = buff[16];
c = str[5];
c = *(buff+16);
c = *(str+5);
c = *(buff[15]);
c = *(str[4]);
c = buff+15;
c = str+4;
c = *(buff[16]);
c = *(str[5]);
c = buff+16;
c = str+5;
Q61. Which choice is the correct declaration for the class named Dog, derived from the Animal class?
class Animal{
//....
}
class Dog :: public Animal {
//....
};
class Dog : public Animal {
//....
};
public class Animal :: Dog {
//....
};
public class Dog extends Animal {
//....
};
Q62. What is the output of this code?
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
int main(){
char c = 255;
if(c>10)
printf("c = %i, which is greater than 10", c);
else
printf("c = %i, which is less than 10", c);
return 0;
}
c = -1, which is less than 10
c = 255, which is greater than 10
c = -1, which is greater than 10
c = 255, which is less than 10
Q63. How can C++ code call a C function?
by simply calling the C code
there is no way for C++ to call a C function
by using extern "C"
by importing the source C code
Q64. What's wrong with this definition when using a pre-C++11 compiler?
std::vector<std::vector<int>> thematrix;
>> is parsed as the shift-right operator, and thus results in a compile error.
There's nothing wrong with it.
An std::vector cannot contain more std::vector containers as its elements.
The correct syntax should be: std::vector[std::vector[int]] thematrix;
Q65. What is the statement below equivalent to?
sprite->x
sprite.x
sprite.*x
(*sprite).x
*sprite.x
Q66. Consider a class named complexNumber. Which code will result in an equivalent object?
complexNumber(float real, float im)
: real_part(real),
im_part(im){}
complexNumber(float real, float im) {
this->real = real_part;
this->im = im_part;
}
complexNumber(float real, float im) {
this->real_part(real);
this->im_part(im);
}
complexNumber(float real, float im) {
this->real_part = real;
this->im_part = im;
}
complexNumber(float real, float im) {
this->real_part = ℜ
this->im_part = &im;
}
Q67. What is the result from executing this code snippet?
bool x=true, y=false;
if(~x || y){
/*part A*/
}
else{
/*part B*/
}
Part B executes because ~x is false and y is false, thus the OR operation evaluates as false.
Part A executes because the expression (~x || y) always results in true if y==false.
Part B executes because the statement (~x || y) is invalid, thus false.
Part A executes because ~x is not zero, meaning true.
Q68. What would be the output of this code?
int32_t nums[3]={2,4,3};
std::cout << ( nums[0] << nums[1] << nums[2] );
The output is the addresses of nums[0], nums[1], and nums[2], in that order, with no spaces.
256
0
243
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